Geoinformation system of reclaimed lands of the Perm territory

Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze and inventory the reclaimed lands of the Perm territory, summarizing the results in the form of Web-GIS.

Location and time of the study. The work was carried out in 2022-2023 on reclaimed lands within the administrative boundaries of the Perm territory.

Methods. An integrated approach was implemented using geoinformation and web mapping. The geoinformation system of reclaimed lands was developed on the basis of large-scale soil maps (scale 1: 10,000). We used remote sensing data, which include Landsat medium-resolution space images for 1985-1990, Sentinel 2 for 2020-2021 and ESRI World Imagery ultra-high-resolution coverage images, as well as OpenStreetMap vector spatial data. The GIS project was developed and filled with information in QGIS 3.22.12. The development of the client web application using Leaflet interfaces was implemented using the QGIS2Web module and the universal code editor Brackets. The development of the main page of the site was based on HTML and CSS markup technologies. The web application was hosted on the GitHub platform. The study was conducted in several steps: a) determination of scanned large-scale soil maps in the Pulkovo 1942/Gauss-Kruger zone 10 projection coordinate system and subsequent vectorization of reclaimed areas within the boundaries of reclaimed soils (based on georeferenced maps) based on remote sensing data using multi-temporal space images in the synthesis of SWIR-NIR-RED channels; b) assessment of the degree of overgrowing of unused reclaimed areas based on multi-temporal satellite images obtained in the winter using the ISODATA unsupervised classification method; and c) vectorization of drainage reclamation areas based on spatial analysis of vector and remote sensing data.

Results. Geoinformation rasters of soil maps of reclaimed lands were developed. In the Perm territory, there are reclaimed lands (drained and irrigated) in 16 municipal districts. Many (177) reclaimed areas were vectorized, and their current condition established. Drained areas were found to predominate. The largest areas (more than 1000 hectares) of reclaimed lands (drained) were in Permsky, Oktyabrsky, Bolshesosnovsky, Nytvinsky, Kuedinsky, Kishertsky municipal districts. The degree of vegetation restoration on the abandoned reclaimed areas was assessed. A technological scheme of the website, attribute database and a GIS project structure were developed. A geoinformation system for spatial analysis of the state and use of reclaimed lands was developed as the Web-GIS service "Geoinformation system of reclaimed lands in Perm territory".

Conclusions. The current status of the reclaimed lands soil cover is determined by land use. The analysis of the current use of reclaimed soils resulted in the development of a geospatial database and a map of reclaimed lands in Perm territory. It was found that the largest areas of reclaimed land in the region are located in the Perm (6944 hectares), Oktyabrsky (1175 hectares) and Bolshesosnovsky (1169 hectares) municipal districts. The area of the reclaimed lands that were unused and overgrown with trees and shrubs was estimated as 3564 hectares. From the existing GIS project, a client Web application "Geoinformation system of reclaimed lands of Perm Krai" was developed and hosted on the GitHub platform, thus reducing the cost of the geoinformation project. The application is available to any agricultural producer and allows real-time access to information on soil fertility, planning the rational use of agricultural land resources, all these contributing to the sustainable development of agriculture on reclaimed lands in the Perm territory.